|
The Raffia palms (''Raphia'') are a genus of about twenty species of palms native to tropical regions of Africa, and especially Madagascar, with one species (''R. taedigera'') also occurring in Central and South America.〔(Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families )〕 They are the source of raffia fibers, which are the veins of the leaves. They grow up to 16 m (52.5 ft) tall and are remarkable for their compound pinnate leaves, the longest in the plant kingdom; leaves of ''R. regalis'' up to 25 m (82.38 ft) long〔Hallé, F. 1977. The longest leaf in palms? ''Principes'' 21: 18.〕 and 3 m (9.84 ft) wide are known. The plants are either monocarpic, flowering once and then dying after the seeds are mature, or hapaxanthic. Some species have individual stems which die after fruiting, but have a root system which remains alive and sends up new stems which fruit. ==Species== # ''Raphia africana'' Otedoh - Nigeria, Cameroon # ''Raphia australis'' Oberm. & Strey - Mozambique, South Africa # ''Raphia farinifera'' (Gaertn.) Hyl. - Africa from Senegal to Tanzania, south to Mozambique and Zimbabwe # ''Raphia gentiliana'' De Wild. - Zaïre, Central African Republic # ''Raphia hookeri'' G.Mann & H.Wendl. - western and central Africa from Liberia to Angola # ''Raphia laurentii'' De Wild. - Angola, Zaïre, Central African Republic # ''Raphia longiflora'' G.Mann & H.Wendl. - from Nigeria to Zaïre # ''Raphia mambillensis'' Otedoh - Nigeria, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Sudan # ''Raphia mannii'' Becc. - Nigeria, Bioko # ''Raphia matombe'' De Wild. - Cabinda, Zaïre # ''Raphia monbuttorum'' Drude - Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad, Central African Republic, South Sudan # ''Raphia palma-pinus'' (Gaertn.) Hutch. - western Africa from Liberia to Cabinda # ''Raphia regalis'' Becc. - central Africa from Nigeria to Angola # ''Raphia rostrata'' Burret - Cabinda, Zaïre # ''Raphia ruwenzorica'' Otedoh - eastern Zaïre, Rwanda, Burundi # ''Raphia sese'' De Wild. - Zaïre # ''Raphia sudanica'' A. Chev. - western Africa from Senegal to Cameroon # ''Raphia taedigera'' (Mart.) Mart. - Nigeria, Cameroon, Central America (Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Panama), South America (Colombia, Pará State of Brazil) # ''Raphia textilis'' Welw. - Cabinda, Zaïre, Gabon, Angola # ''Raphia vinifera'' P. Beauv. - western Africa from Zaïre to Benin 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Raffia palm」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|